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Wiring service beans Your web applications use service beans to access entities from the presentation tier. You simply wire your service beans (as in listing 16.2) in the Spring configuration file to have them injected. Some steps can be quite mechanical, and are required for every EAO and service bean. Appropriately configuring Spring for your server allows you to deploy the application using Spring, proving again that you can use JPA outside of a Java EE container. Let s now examine how you unite the power of Spring and EJB 3 components (session beans and MDBs).

Even though administration and supervision are of primary importance for n-tier applications, these tasks are barely taken into account by developers, who naturally tend to focus on the applications main functions. Since they are not tackled up front, administration and supervision can benefit from the greater degree of separation among concerns that is provided by AOP. Indeed, it is interesting to independently develop some administration and supervision features so as to be able to plug and unplug these features when needed. Certain standards Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and Java Management Extensions (JMX) are available for administration and supervision, and it is preferable to use them rather than code from scratch. In fact interoperability is often a requirement for administration and supervision because these tasks can crosscut several subsystems of an enterprise application.

In addition to using JPA with Spring, you may combine the flexibility of Spring beans with the power of EJB 3 in your applications. You have two options. You can use the power of Spring POJO injection, AOP features, etc. by developing Spring-enabled EJB applications, or you can invoke an EJB from a Spring bean. At the time of this writing, Spring 2.0 has no documented support for EJB 3 session beans, but we found some ways to make EJB 3 beans work with Spring beans and in this section we ll reveal our discoveries. In this section you ll see two ways you can combine power of EJB 3 components and Spring beans. First you ll learn about using Spring from EJB 3 components; then we ll show you how to access an EJB 3 session bean from a Spring bean.

2.11 Generating finder methods for entity home interfaces 3.2 Creating EJB 2.0 container-managed persistence

Let s say you want to use declarative transactions, timers, security, and the web services features of EJB in your applications, but you also want to leverage the POJO injection, AOP and JpaTemplate features of Spring 2.0. Spring provides sev, eral support classes, listed in table 16.3, that you can use to integrate EJBs. Note that these are the classes provided for use with EJB 2, and we expect there will be several changes in these classes to be used with EJB 3. However, you can still use these abstract classes with EJB 3 beans. The abstract classes provide access to the Spring bean factory, and you have to implement the onEjbCreate method in your EJB class to retrieve a Spring bean.

Table 16.3 Spring support classes for building Spring-enabled EJBs Support Class AbstractStatelessSessionBean AbstractStatefulSessionBean AbstractJMSMessageDrivenBean AbstractMessageDrivenBean Purpose Used for Spring-enabled stateless session beans Used for Spring-enabled stateful session beans Used for Spring-enabled JMS message-driven beans Used for Spring-enabled connector-based MDBs

In some situations, entity data crosses over multiple tables. When using a CMP entity bean, you cannot persist into more than one table or load from a table join. However, using a database view and a BMP bean, you can model data from multiple tables with a single entity bean. To do this requires you to correctly configure your BMP bean and interact with the database view through JDBC calls.

With JMX, Java provides a standard specification and a library for administration and supervision. JMX relies on two main functionalities: The opening of Java components through a specific API so that the components become fully accessible to the administration and supervision tools A notification mechanism for implementing automatic checks when needed

In ActionBazaar we want to use Spring with session beans. This means that the BidServiceBean we developed in section 16.1 is used by the PlaceBid EJB, as shown in figure 16.2. The BidServiceBean is defined as a Spring bean using a Spring configuration file named actionBazaarservice.xml as follows:

<beans> ... <bean id = "bidService" class = "actionbazaar.buslogic.BidServiceBean"> </bean> ... </beans>